An arctic blast is sweeping across the United States, driving temperatures into dangerous lows and prompting health experts to issue urgent warnings. Cities in the Northeast and Midwest are facing single-digit and below-zero conditions, with some areas predicted to reach temperatures as low as -39°F. Doctors say these extreme conditions dramatically increase the risk of hypothermia and frostbite, even for people who step outside for “just a few minutes.” Emergency physician Dr. Alina Mitina explains that many hypothermia cases occur when individuals are dressed for short trips but become unexpectedly exposed to prolonged cold — from walking pets, commuting, or car trouble. In freezing air, shivering and numbness can begin within minutes, and in severe conditions, hypothermia may develop in as little as 10 to 15 minutes, causing confusion, poor judgment, and eventually loss of consciousness. The elderly, infants, and those with heart or lung conditions are at greatest risk, but even healthy adults are vulnerable.

Experts stress that prevention is the key to survival. Proper layering with moisture-wicking fabrics, insulated outerwear, hats, mittens, scarves, and waterproof boots can protect the body from rapid heat loss. Cotton should be avoided, as it traps moisture and worsens cold exposure. Alcohol is also discouraged, as it creates a false feeling of warmth while speeding heat loss. Warning signs like uncontrollable shivering, numbness, confusion, or clumsiness are signals to seek warmth immediately. As temperatures plunge, doctors urge people to limit outdoor time, check on vulnerable neighbors, and listen to their bodies — because in extreme cold, ignoring early symptoms can quickly become life-threatening.